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[1]毛晓瑜,楼艳笑,戴超,等.镉和酸雨对不同性别桑树幼苗光合生理的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2020,26(01):117-124.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.03056]
　MAO Xiaoyu,LOU Yanxiao,DAI Chao,et al.Effects of cadmium pollution and acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of Morus alba seedling sexes[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2020,26(01):117-124.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.03056]
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镉和酸雨对不同性别桑树幼苗光合生理的影响()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
26卷
期数:
2020年01期
页码:
117-124
栏目:
研究论文
出版日期:
2020-02-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of cadmium pollution and acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of Morus alba seedling sexes
作者:
毛晓瑜;  楼艳笑;  戴超;  俞飞;  梁君瑛;  吕志强
1浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院 临安 311300 2浙江省航空护林管理站 杭州 310000 3浙江省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 杭州 310000
Author(s):
MAO Xiaoyu;  LOU Yanxiao;  DAI Chao;  YU Fei;  LIANG Junying;  L? Zhiqiang
1 College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China 2 Zhejiang Aerial Forest Fire Protection Station, Hangzhou 310000, China 3 Institute of Sericulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
关键词:
镉污染; 酸沉降; 雌雄异株; 生物量; 光合作用; 叶绿素荧光
Keywords:
cadmium pollution;  acid deposition;  dioecious;  biomass;  photosynthesis;  chlorophyll fluorescence
DOI:
10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.03056
摘要:
土壤镉（Cd）污染和酸沉降（AR）是当今全球性的环境问题，而雌雄异株植物对逆境胁迫的差异性性别响应也是植物逆境生理生态研究的重要内容. 为探讨桑树雌株、雄株和雌雄同株幼苗对土壤Cd污染和酸沉降的性别响应差异，以盆栽模拟法研究Cd（50 mg/kg）、AR（pH 3.0）及两者复合处理对不同性别桑树幼苗生物量积累与分配、光合荧光特性的影响. 结果表明：（1）Cd处理显著降低了3种性别桑树幼苗的总生物量积累和光合速率，且存在性别差异，与对照相比，雄株总生物量仅下降了23.54%，而雌株和雌雄同株下降幅度分别为对照的29.43%和36.38%；雄株光合速率下降程度也低于雌株和雌雄同株. （2） Cd处理改变了桑树的生物量分配，雌株以减少茎生物量为主，与对照相比，雌株茎生物量降低了37.45%，但根、叶生物量仅降低了7.72%和9.71%；而雄株和雌雄同株以减少根、茎生物量为主，叶生物量仅降低了9.17%和5.28%. （3）3种性别桑树幼苗光合速率的下降是气孔导度和PSⅡ实际光量子产量下降导致的，与对照相比，Cd处理与复合处理下，雌株气孔导度降低了47.39%和57.82%，PSⅡ实际光量子产量降低了21.59%和18.49%；雌雄同株气孔导度下降了46.57%和58.88%；PSⅡ实际光量子产量降低了26.63%和19.81%；而雄株气孔导度和PSⅡ实际光量子产量下降程度均低于雌株和雌雄同株. （4）AR的加入导致了Cd胁迫下，雌株和雌雄同株叶生物量积累和光合速率的进一步下降，但是对雄株影响不大. 由此可见，Cd通过降低光合能力抑制了3种性别桑树幼苗的生物量积累，对雄株的影响小于雌株和雌雄同株，而光合能力的下降是由气孔和非气孔因素共同作用引起的. （图3 表3 参39）
Abstract:
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in the soil and acid deposition are now global environmental problems. Differential sex responses of dioecious species to stress is also an important part of plant stress ecological research. To investigate the physiological characteristics of Morus alba seedling sexes when exposed to Cd and acid rain, we measured growth parameters, photosynthetic capacity, and chlorophyll fluorescence of Qiangsang1 (female), Nongsang14 (male), and Nongsang12 (monoecism) under Cd stress (Cd, 50 mg/kg), acid rain (AR, pH 3.0), and their combination (Cd + AR). Results indicate that under Cd stress, biomass and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased in each sex when compared with the controls. Compared with the control, the total biomass of the males and females decreased by 23.54% and 29.43% respectively, and that of monoecious individuals decreased by 36.38%. Females and monoecious individuals exhibited greater declines in photosynthetic rate than did males. Additionally, Cd treatment changed the biomass distribution of M. alba seedlings, with females mainly showing reduced stem biomass while males and monoecious individuals principally showing reduced root and stem biomass. Compared with the control, the stem biomass of females decreased by 37.45%, but the root and leaf biomass decreased by 7.72% and 9.71%. For males and monoecious individuals, leaf biomass decreased by 9.17% and 5.28%, respectively. The decreases in Pn in three genders of M. alba seedlings were caused by declines in stomatal conductance (gs) and the effective quantum yield of PSⅡ(ΦPSII). Under Cd treatment and the compound treatment, the gs of females decreased by 47.39% and 57.82%, and ΦPSII decreased by 21.59% and 18.49%, respectively. The gs of monoecious individuals decreased by 46.57% and 58.88% and ΦPSII also decreased by 26.63% and 19.81% when compared with the control. When compared with effects of Cd treatment, decreases in leaf biomass and Pn in females and monoecious individuals were intensified by acid rain, but this pattern did not hold true for males. Therefore, our results indicated that Cd inhibited biomass accumulation in M. alba seedlings by reducing photosynthetic capacity, and the effect of Cd on males was less than that on females and monoecious individuals. Furthermore, the decline in photosynthetic capacity is caused by both stomatal and non-stomatal factors.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2020-02-25