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[1]周伟,邓良基,邓欧平,等.成都平原菌渣还田土壤镉铅含量变化和环境容量[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(04):701-706.[doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.08038]
　ZHOU Wei,DENG Liangji**,DENG Ouping,et al.Isolation and identification of dicamba-degrading bacterium Ochrobactrum sp. 3-3 and investigation of its degradation characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2017,23(04):701-706.[doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.08038]
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成都平原菌渣还田土壤镉铅含量变化和环境容量()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
23卷
期数:
2017年04期
页码:
701-706
栏目:
研究论文
出版日期:
2017-08-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Isolation and identification of dicamba-degrading bacterium Ochrobactrum sp. 3-3 and investigation of its degradation characteristics
作者:
周伟; 邓良基; 邓欧平; 贾凡凡; 凌静; 陈福豪
四川农业大学资源学院 成都 611130
Author(s):
ZHOU Wei;  DENG Liangji**;  DENG Ouping;  JIA Fanfan;  LING Jing & CHEN Fuhao
College of Resources, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, China
关键词:
成都平原; 菌渣还田; 镉; 铅; 环境容量; 污染评价
Keywords:
Chengdu Plain;  mushroom residue returning;  Cd;  Pb;  environmental capacity;  pollution evaluation
分类号:
X171 : S158
DOI:
10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.08038
摘要:
菌渣还田可改善土壤结构和供给作物生长所需部分养分，然而其所残留的重金属镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）可能污染土壤. 为了解其施用量和环境容量之间的关系，在观察空白对照（CK）、常规施肥（T1）、单施菌渣提供100%氮（T2）、高量单施菌渣提供125%氮（T3）、菌渣和化肥配施各提供50%氮（T4）、菌渣和化肥配施分别提供75%和25%氮（T5）处理下土壤耕作层（0-20 cm）Cd和Pb含量变化的基础上，采用地累积指数法及污染指数法进行污染评价，应用静态容量法估算其环境容量. 结果表明，土壤Cd和Pb含量随着菌渣施用量的增加及麦稻轮作周期延伸呈上升趋势，且水稻季土壤Cd和Pb含量上升趋势较小麦季略有减缓. 污染评价结果表明，一年轮作周期后各处理下土壤Cd和Pb地累积指数（-0.51-0.29）和单因子污染指数（0.50-0.61）及综合污染指数（0.55-0.59）均属无污染等级，其中T4处理对土壤污染最低. 经测算，土壤Cd和Pb静态环境容量为26.88 kg hm-2和85.08 kg hm-2，菌渣适宜年还田量为8 183-12 681 kg hm-2 a-1，可安全使用15年. 综上，重金属含量不超标的菌渣具备替代化肥的潜力，适量施用能够延长土壤的安全使用年限. （图4 表4 参34）
Abstract:
Mushroom residue (MR) is an agricultural waste widely used to improve soil structure and provide nutrition for crops. However, it contains some heavy metals, such as Cd and Pb, that may contaminate the soil. To study the relationship between MR application rate and environmental capacity, the blank control and five treatments were designed; blank control with no fertilization (CK), conventional application of chemical fertilizer (CF) only (T1), rates of MR return only with 100% N (T2) and 125% N (T3), a combined application of 50% MR_N and 50% CF_N (T4), and a combined application of 75% MR_N and 25% CF_N (T5) in Qiquan in Chongzhou of the Chengdu Plain from November 2014 to September 2015. The graphite oven atomic absorption spectrophotometer was adopted to observe the dynamic change of Cd and Pb in soil (0-20 cm). Geoaccumulation and Nemerow synthetical pollution indices were used to evaluate the pollution situation of soil heavy metals and estimate their environmental capacity by static volumetric method. The results showed that soil Cd and Pb contents increased with MR rates. The upward trends of soil Cd and Pb became slow from the wheat season to the rice season because of input parameters, climate, and tillage method. The pollution evaluation results indicated that the geoaccumulation index, single factor contaminant indices, and the synthetical pollution indices of soil Cd and Pb were -0.51-0.29, 0.50-0.61, and 0.55-0.59, respectively, all in the range of unpolluted level after a wheat-rice rotation. Among T1-T5 treatments, T4 treatment, a combined application of 50% MR_N and 50% CF_N had the smallest synthetical pollution index of approximately 0.55, which could maintain minimal Cd and Pb pollution in soil. In contrast, T3 treatment with a higher MR application rate may pose the biggest threat of Cd and Pb contamination of soil, with maximum synthetical pollution index of approximately 0.59. Estimated static environmental capacities of Cd and Pb were 26.88 kg hm-2 and 85.08 kg hm-2, respectively. Therefore, the appropriate annual application rate of MR was estimated to be between 8 183 kg hm-2 and 12 681 kg hm-2, which could be safely used over 15 years. In summary, MR with low heavy metal, when used at appropriate annual application rate, could have the potential to replace chemical fertilizer and lengthen safe serving time of the soil.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2017-08-25