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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:

25卷

期数:

2019年06期

页码:

1-9

栏目:

研究论文

出版日期:

2019-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:

Effect of the biochar and manure combined application on greenhouse gas intensity and N2O emission factor from vegetable ecosystems*

作者:

贾俊香1 熊正琴2** 马智勇1 许剑敏1 王玲1 张菁1

1山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西农业大学农业资源与环境国家级实验教学示范中心 太谷 030801
2江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院 南京 210095

Author(s):

JIAJunxiang1;  XIONG Zhengqin2**;  MA Zhiyong1;  XU Jianming1;  WANG Ling1 & ZHANG Jing1

1 College of Resources and Environment, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation / College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

关键词:

生物炭; 有机肥; 菜地土壤; 全球增温潜势; 温室气体强度; N2O排放系数

Keywords:

biochar;  manure;  vegetable field;  global warming potential;  greenhouse gas intensity;  N2O-N emission factor

DOI:

10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.03007

摘要:

采用盆栽模拟研究方法，设置对照（CK）、只施氮肥（U）、氮肥与有机肥配施（UM）、氮肥与生物炭配施（UB）以及氮肥、有机肥与生物炭配施（UMB）5个处理，探究生物炭与有机肥施用对菜地N2O、CH4与CO2排放、全球增温潜势（GWP）、温室气体强度（GHGI）以及N2O-N排放系数的影响。结果表明，整个观测期间，N2O排放变幅较大，达0.02-1559.77 μg m -2 h -1，CH4排放变幅较小，为-0.09-0.25 mg m-2 h -1。与N2O、CH4相比，处理间CO2排放通量具有更为相近的波动规律。UB与UMB能显著降低N2O排放，其中UMB抑制效果最佳，仅为 U 处理的14.1%。5个处理间CH4累积排放量无显著差异，表明氮肥、有机肥与生物炭均非影响CH4排放的主要原因。UB与UMB间累积CO2排放量无差异，但二者均显著高于U与UM处理，证明生物炭施用促进了CO2释放。菜心与苋菜产量均以UMB最高，两种蔬菜产量分别比U处理高25.6%与29.5%。全球增温潜势GWP与温室气体强度GHGI均以UMB最低（除对照外），分别为 919 ± 266 kg /hm2与0.04 ± 0.01 kg/kg。UMB的N2O-N排放系数最低（0.37%），仅为U处理的11.5%。综上所述，生物炭与有机肥配施处理在不降低蔬菜产量的基础上，既能抑制N2O排放、降低GWP、GHGI与N2O-N排放系数，又能降低化学氮肥投入量，是值得对推荐的施肥措施。考虑到生物炭施用显著促进CO2排放，需要进一步探究生物炭与有机肥配施的综合净温室效应。（图1表2参45）

Abstract:

A pot experiment was conducted to e xamine nitrous oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide emission, global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity and N2O-N emission factor following the incorporation of biochar and manure into vegetable fields. The results showed that N2O fluxes drastically ranged from 0.02 to 1559.77μg m-2 h -1while CH 4 fluxes slightly changed from -0.09 to 0.25 mg m-2 h -1. Compared to N2O and CH4 emissions, CO 2 fluxes appeared almost similar fluctuations among the five treatments . The UB and UMB treatments significantly reduced N2O emissions, especially, the UMB treatment represented only 14.1% of N2O emissions in the U treatment. Nitrogen fertilizer, manure or biochar did not affect CH 4 emissions since no significant differences in cumulative CH 4 emissions were observed among five treatments. The biochar addition in the UB and UMB obviously produced higher CO 2 emissions than their corresponding U and UM treatments in in terms of cumulative CO 2 emissions, without obvious difference between the UB and UMB . Moreover, the UMB produced the highest yield in the choy sum and amaranth season, being 25.6% and 29.5% , respectively higher than the U treatment . Thus, the UMB gave the lowest GWP of 919 ± 266 kg/ hm 2 and GHGI of 0.04 ± 0.01 kg/kg except the control. Furthermore, the UMB produced the lowest N2O-N emission factor of 0.37%, being only 11.5% of that in the U treatment. In conclusion, the biochar and manure compost incorporation in the UMB not only suppressed N2O emissions, reduced GWP, GHGI and N2O-N emissions factor, but also decreased chemical N fertilizer input and maintain ed vegetable production , serving as our recommending fertilizer practice. Further studies are still required to explore the net global warming potential for biochar and manure applications considering their higher CO 2 emissions.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期 Received: 2019-03-02 接受日期 Accepted: 2019-04-09
*山西省自然科学基金项目（201701D121118）和国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0200401）资助
**通讯作者 Corresponding author (E-mail: zqxiong@njau.edu.cn)
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更新日期/Last Update: 2019-04-15