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[1]字洪标,阿的鲁骥,刘敏,等.高寒草甸不同类型草地群落特征及优势种植物生态位差异[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(04):546-554.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.02018]
　ZI Hongbiao,ADE Luji,LIU Min,et al.Difference of community characteristics and niche of dominant species in different grassland types of alpine meadow[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2016,22(04):546-554.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.02018]
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高寒草甸不同类型草地群落特征及优势种植物生态位差异()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
22卷
期数:
2016年04期
页码:
546-554
栏目:
高寒生态系统的结构、功能与动态专栏
出版日期:
2016-08-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Difference of community characteristics and niche of dominant species in different grassland types of alpine meadow
作者:
字洪标; 阿的鲁骥; 刘敏; 胡雷; 陈焱; 杨有芳; 王长庭
1西南民族大学青藏高原研究院 成都 610041 2西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院 成都 610041 3南京大学生命科学学院 南京 210093
Author(s):
ZI Hongbiao1;  ADE Luji1;  LIU Min2;  HU Lei3;  CHEN Yan2;  YANG Youfang1 & WANG Changting2**
1Collge of Tibetan Plateau Research, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China 2Collge of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China 3School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
关键词:
高寒草甸; 生态位宽度; 生态位重叠值; 群落特征
Keywords:
alpine meadow;  niche breadth;  niche overlap;  plant community characteristics
分类号:
S812 (244) : Q145
DOI:
10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.02018
摘要:
为了解高寒草甸不同种群利用资源和占据生态空间的能力，结合野外试验和室内分析等手段对青藏高原杂类草草甸、矮嵩草（Kobresia humilis）草甸、小嵩草（Kobresia pygmaea）草甸和藏嵩草（Kobresia tibetica）沼泽化草甸的群落数量特征及主要优势种植物的生态位进行研究. 结果表明，不同群落类型高寒草甸物种组成、Shannon-Wiener和Simpson多样性指数均表现出杂类草草甸＞矮嵩草草甸＞小嵩草草甸＞藏嵩草沼泽化草甸；地上生物量为藏嵩草沼泽化草甸＞矮嵩草草甸＞杂类草草甸＞小嵩草草甸；不同群落类型优势种群所占的比例存在差异性. 生态位宽度以及主要优势种植物生态位重叠值在不同植被类型差异明显，垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）在杂类草和矮嵩草草甸的生态位宽度最大，小嵩草和藏嵩草分别在小嵩草草甸和藏嵩草沼泽化草甸中最大，且生态位越大与其他植物的生态位重叠程度较高. 但同一物种在不同群落类型所占的生态位宽度和生态位重叠值也不同，生态位宽度大的物种间生态位重叠值也越大. 说明高寒草甸优势种群在资源利用能力或环境的生态适应能力方面有较大的差异性，环境资源的异质性是导致群落组成不同的关键因子. （图2 表7 参42）
Abstract:
This investigation aimed to explore the plant community characteristics and niche of dominant species in different grassland types (Fords meadow, Kobresia humilis meadow, K. pygmaea meadow, K. tibetica swamp meadow) of alpine meadow. The results showed that the plant community species composition, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity was in the order of Fords meadow > K. humilis meadow > K. pygmaea meadow > K. tibetica swamp meadow. There were obvious discrepancies in the above-ground biomasses of different vegetation (P < 0.05). On the plant functional group levels, sedges biomass was the highest in K. tibetica swamp meadow; grass biomass was the highest in K. humilis meadow; ford and legume biomasses were the highest in Fords meadow. There were significant difference between the niche breadth and niche overlaps of main dominant species in the different vegetation; Elymus nutans showed the largest niche breadth in Fords meadow and K. humilis meadow, but K. pygmaea and K. tibetica was the largest in K. pygmaea meadow and K. tibetica swamp meadow, with high niche overlaps with other plant species. The same plant species showed different niche bread and niche overlap in different vegetation types, with those plant species with large niche breadth exhibiting a high degree of niche overlap. The results showed a high difference in the resource utilization ability or ecological adaptability of the dominant species in the different grassland types of alpine meadow. The mainly factor causing such different plant community composition was the heterogeneity of environmental resources.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2016-08-25