|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]杨育林,李贤伟,周义贵,等.林窗式疏伐对川中丘陵区柏木人工林生长和植物多样性的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2014,20(06):971-977.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.05004]
　YANG Yulin,LI Xianwei,ZHOU Yigui,et al.Effects of gap thinning on growth and diversity of a cypress plantation in the hilly region of central Sichuan[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2014,20(06):971-977.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.05004]
点击复制

林窗式疏伐对川中丘陵区柏木人工林生长和植物多样性的影响()
分享到：

《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
20卷
期数:
2014年06期
页码:
971-977
栏目:
研究论文
出版日期:
2014-12-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of gap thinning on growth and diversity of a cypress plantation in the hilly region of central Sichuan
作者:
杨育林;  李贤伟;  周义贵;  刘运科
1四川农业大学林学院 雅安 6250142巴中市环境保护局 巴中 636000
Author(s):
YANG Yulin;  LI Xianwei;  ZHOU Yigui;  LIU Yunke
1Forestry College of Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China2Bazhong Environmental Protection Bureau, Bazhong 636000, China
关键词:
川中丘陵区; 柏木人工林; 林窗; 疏伐; 植物多样性; 蓄积量
Keywords:
central Sichuan hilly region;  cypress plantation;  gap;  thinning;  plant diversity;  volume
分类号:
S753.75
DOI:
10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.05004
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探索适宜大小的林窗改造模式，在川中丘陵区高密度的柏木人工纯林中，选择人为砍伐形成的不同大小林窗样地36个，研究光热环境、植物生长和多样性随林窗大小的变化. 结果表明：疏伐后，林窗内光合有效辐射和气温显著升高（P < 0.05），空气湿度和土壤相对含水量显著降低（P < 0.05），光合有效辐射和气温随林窗面积的增大而增加，空气湿度和土壤相对含水量随林窗面积的增加而降低. 疏伐后，林窗内乔木高度、胸径、郁闭度和冠幅较未疏伐对照样地更新层显著提高（P < 0.05），灌木高度和盖度、草本层盖度和枯落物层厚度显著提高（P < 0.05），单位面积柏木蓄积量和单株柏木材积较未疏伐对照样地更新层显著增加（P < 0.05），不同林窗大小之间，植物生长指标随面积的增加呈单峰型变化，峰值出现在90-110 m2林窗内. 疏伐后，林窗内植物种数、属数和科数增加，乔木、灌木和草本种数增多，物种丰富度指数和多样性Shannon-Wiener指数显著提高（P < 0.05），中林窗内植物区系组成最复杂，植物物种多样性最丰富. 林窗和非林窗植物共有种为6-9种，相似系数在30.43%-36.73%之间. 可见林窗式疏伐促进了林下植物的更新，90-110 m2的中林窗效果更为明显.
Abstract:
In order to explore the appropriate size of gap reconstruction model, 36 artificial forest gaps of different sizes were chosen for field investigation from a high-density pure cypress plantations in the hilly region of central Sichuan. The change of ecological factors, plant growth and diversity in the different size of gaps were monitored. The results showed that after thinning, the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and air temperature increased significantly (P < 0.05), while air humidity and soil moisture increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the gaps. With the increase of gap size, the PAR and air temperature increased, but air humidity and soil moisture decreased. Compared with those of the control, the height, DBH, shade density, crown width of arbor after thinning significantly improved (P < 0.05). The shrub height, shrub coverage, herbaceous coverage and litter layer thickness all increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the control plots of non-thinning updated layer, the thinning plots had significantly increased cypress volume in unit area and volume per cypress (P < 0.05). Growth index of different size vegetations showed single peak change varying with gap size, with the peak appearing in the gap size of 90-110 m2. Number of species, genera, families and trees, shrubs, herbaceous species all elevated after thinning. Species richness and Shannon-Wiener index significantly increased (P < 0.05). The middle forest gaps had the most complex floristic composition and the richest plant diversity. Between gaps and non-gaps, there were 6 - 9 common species with 30.43-36.73% similarity coefficient. The results indicated that forest thinning promotes the understory plant update, most effective with middle gaps of 90-110 m2.

参考文献/References:

1 龚固堂, 黎燕琼, 朱志芳, 陈俊华, 慕长龙, 吴雪仙, 郑绍伟. 川中丘陵区人工柏木防护林适宜林分结构及水文效应[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32 (3): 923-930 [Gong GT, Li YQ, Zhu ZF, Chen JH, Mu CL, Wu XX, Zheng SW. The suitable stand structure and hydrological effects of the cypress protection forests in the central Sichuan hilly regio [J]. Acta Ecol Sin, 2012, 32 (3): 923-930]
2 刘奕琳, 万福绪, 娄晓瑞. 盐胁迫对10个墨西哥柏种源幼苗生理生化的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报, 2013, 37 (4): 29-33 [Liu YL, Wan FX, Lou XR. Effects of salt stress on physiological and biochemical index of ten provenances of Cupressus lusitanica [J]. J Nan For Univ, 2013, 37 (4): 29-33]
3 杨韧, 邓朝经, 覃模昌, 代培云. 川中丘陵区柏木人工林生物量的测定[J]. 四川林业科技, 1987, 8 (1): 21-24 [Yang R, Deng CJ, Tan MC, Dai PY. Determination of biomass with the cypress protection forests in the central Sichuan hilly region [J]. J Sichuan Fores Sci Tech, 1987, 8 (1): 21-24]
4 杨韧, 邓朝经, 覃模昌. 川中丘陵区柏木人工林生物量及养分含量与动态的初步研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 1992, 14 (2): 57-64 [Yang R, Deng CJ, Tan MC. Preliminary studies on the ecosystem of Cupressus funebris plantations in the hilly area of central Sichuan province [J]. J Beijing For Univ, 1992, 14 (2): 57-64]
5 余树全. 柏木人工林生态系统养分循环研究-Ⅱ、乔木层营养元素积累、分配和利用[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 1994, 12 (4): 505-510 [Yu SQ. Studies on the nutritive cycling of plantation system of cypress-Ⅱ,the nutrient accumulation distribution and utilzation in arbor layer [J]. J Sichuan Agric Univ, 1994, 12 (4): 505-510]
6 杨韧, 邓朝经, 覃模昌, 代培云. 川中丘陵区柏木林适生立地条件初步研究[J]. 四川林业科技, 1991, 12: 50-53 [Yang R, Deng CJ, Tan MC, Dai PY. Preliminary study on suitable site conditions of the cypress forests in the central Sichuan hilly region [J]. J Sichuan For Sci Technol, 1991, 12: 50-53]
7 刘宗成, 周晓波, 黎燕琼, 龚固堂, 陈俊华, 郑绍伟, 吴雪仙, 朱志芳, 慕长龙. 中丘陵区人工柏木林灌草生物多样性研究[J]. 四川林业科技, 2013, 34 (3): 5-10 [Liu ZC, Zhou XB, Li YQ, Gong GT, Zheng SW, Wu XX, Zhu ZF, Mu CL. Research on shrub and grass biodiversity of artificial cypress plantations in hilly areas of central Sichuan [J]. J Sichuan Sci Technol, 2013, 34 (3): 5-10]
8 陈俊华, 龚固堂, 朱志芳, 黎燕琼, 吴雪仙, 郑绍伟, 慕长龙. 川中丘陵区柏木林下养鸡的生态经济效益分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2013, 29 (2): 214-219 [Chen JH, Gong GT, Zhu ZF, Li YQ, Wu XX, Zheng SW, Mu CL. Ecological and economic benefits of chicken rearing in cypress forest in hilly areas of central Sichuan [J]. J Ecol Rural Environ, 2013, 29 (2): 214-219]
9 崔宁洁, 刘洋, 张健, 杨万勤, 欧江, 张捷, 邓长春, 李建平. 林窗对马尾松人工林植物多样性的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2014, 20 (1): 8-14 [Cui NJ, Liu Y, Zhang J, Yang WQ, Ou J, Zhang J, Deng CC, Li JP. [Effects of forest gap on plant diversity of Pinus massoniana plantations [J]. Chin J Appl Environ Biol, 2014, 20 (1): 8-14]
10 Elias RB, Dias E. Gap dynamics and regeneration strategies in Juniperus-Laurus forests of the Azores Islands [J]. Plant Ecol, 2009, 200 (2): 179-189
11 刘庆, 吴彦. 滇西北亚高山针叶林林窗大小与更新的初步分析[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2002, 8 (5): 453-459 [Liu Q, Wu Y. Effect of gap size on regeneration of subalpine coniferous forests in northwest Yunnan [J]. Chin J Appl Environ Biol, 2002, 8 (5): 453-459]
12 龙翠玲. 茂兰喀斯特森林林隙物种多样性的动态规律[J]. 山地学报, 2009, 27 (3): 278-284 [Long CL. Study on dynamic pattern of species diversity in gaps of Karst forest in Mao Lan Natural Reserve, Guizhou Province [J]. J Mount Sci, 2009, 27 (3): 278-285]
13 Kneeshaw DD. Canopy gap characteristics and tree replacement in the southeastern boreal forest [J]. Ecology, 1998, 79 (3): 783-794
14 王雄伟, 王定江, 胡勇, 邓锦光. 蓄积与原木材积表[M]. 贵州: 贵州科技出版社, 2007. 21-23 [Wang XW, Wang DJ, Hu Y, Deng JG. Accumulation and Log Volume Table [M]. Guizhou: Guizhou Science and Technology Press, 2007. 21-23]
15 张美文, 李波, 王勇, 蒋道松, 黄璜, 侯志勇. 洞庭湖区退田还湖区域草本植物群落多样性特征[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2013, 19 (3): 434-443 [Zhang MW, Li B, Wang Y, Jiang DS, huang H, Hou ZY. Characteristics of species diversity of herb community in the polder of returning farmland to lake in the Dongting Lake Region [J]. Chin J Appl Environ Biol, 2013, 19 (3) : 434-443]
16 马克平. 生物群落多样性的测度方法[M]. 北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 1994. 141-165 [Ma KP. The measurement of community diversity [M]. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 1994. 141-165]
17 谭辉, 朱教君, 康宏樟, 胡理乐.林窗干扰研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26 (4): 587-594 [Tan H, Zhu JJ, Kang HZ, Hu LL. A research review on forest gap disturbance [J]. Chin J Ecol, 2007, 26 (4): 587-594]
18 Yamamoto S. Gap regeneration of major tree species in different forest types of Japan [J]. Vegetation, 1996, 127 (2): 203-213
19 梁晓东, 叶万辉. 林窗研究进展（综述）[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2001, 9 (4): 355-364 [Liang XD, Ye WH. Advances in study on forest gaps [J]. J Trop Subtrop Bot, 2001, 9 (4): 355-364]
20 王成, 庞学勇, 包维楷. 低强度林窗式疏伐对云杉人工纯林地表微气候和土壤养分的短期影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21 (3): 541-548 [Wang C, Pang XY, Bao WK. Short term effects of low intensity thinning simulated by gap on ground microclimate and soil nutrients of pure spruce plantation [J]. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2010, 21 (3): 541-548]
21 张象君, 王庆成, 王石磊, 孙强. 小兴安岭落叶松人工纯林近自然化改造对林下植物多样性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47 (1): 6-14 [Zhang XJ, Wang QC, Wang SL, Sun Q. Effect of the close-to-nature transformation of Larix gmelinii pure stands on plant diversity of understory vegetation in Xiaoxing＇an Mountains of China [J]. Sci Silv Sin, 2011, 47 (1): 6-14]
22 李兵兵, 秦琰, 刘亚茜, 刘相兵, 黄选瑞. 燕山山地油松人工林林隙大小对更新的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48 (6): 147-150 [Li BB, Qin Y, Liu YX, Liu XB, Huang XR. Effects of gaps on regeneration of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the Yanshan Mountain[J]. Sci Si Sin, 48 (6): 147-150]
23 潘开文, 何静, 吴宁. 森林凋落物对林地微生境的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15 (1): 153-158 [Pan KW, He J, Wu N. Effect of forest litter on microenvironment conditions of forestland [J]. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2004, 15 (1): 135-158]
24 Connell JH. Diversity in tropical forest sand coral reefs [J]. Science, 1978, 19 (9): 1302-1310
25 边巴多吉, 郭泉水, 次柏, 罗大庆. 西藏冷杉原始林林隙对草本植物和灌木树种多样性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15 (2): 191-194 [Bianba DJ, Guo QS, Ci B, Luo DQ. Effects of gap in primitive subalpine fir forest on diversity of herb and shrub in Tibet [J]. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2004, 15 (2): 191-194]

相似文献/References:

[1]吴鹏飞 朱波.桤柏混交林与纯柏林土壤动物群落特征的比较[J].应用与环境生物学报,2008,14(04):488.
[2]王锐,向成华,王谢,等.川中丘陵区3种林-药复合种植模式 土壤呼吸特征*[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(05):793.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2015.12028]
　WANG Rui,XIANG Chenghua,et al.Soil respiration characteristics of 3 types of agroforestry system in the Sichuan hilly basin*[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2016,22(06):793.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2015.12028]
[3]谢雨彤,唐骄萍,李贤伟,等.低效柏木林窗改造对土壤动物多样性的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(05):800.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.05040]
　XIE Yutong,TANG Jiaoping,LI Xianwei**,et al.Effect of forest gaps of low efficiency Cupressus funebris on soil fauna diversity*[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2016,22(06):800.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.05040]
[4]吕倩,康文斯,郭茂金,等.柏木人工林目标树经营初期对林下植物多样性及土壤理化性质的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2019,25(05):1036.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.01005]
　L? Qian,KANG Wensi,GUO Maojin,et al.Early effects of target tree management on undergrowth plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties in Cupressus funebris plantations[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2019,25(06):1036.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.01005]
[5]吕倩 康文斯 郭茂金 罗涛 刘俊杰 范川 李贤伟**.柏木人工林目标树经营初期对林下植物多样性及土壤理化性质的影响*[J].应用与环境生物学报,2019,25(06):1.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.01005]
　Lv Qian,KANG Wensi,GUO M aojin,et al.Early effects of target tree management on undergrowth plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties in Cupressus funebris plantations*[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2019,25(06):1.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.01005]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
国家科技支撑计划课题（2011BAC09B05）和四川科技支撑计划项目（2010NZ0049）资助 Supported by the Key Sci-tech Project of China (2011BAC09B05), and the Key Sci-tech Project of Sichuan Province (2010NZ0049)
更新日期/Last Update: 2015-01-04