|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]郭鸿钦,罗丽萍,杨宇航,等.利用昆虫取食降解塑料研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2020,26(06):1546-1553.[doi:DOI: 10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.10054]
　GUO Hongqin,LUO Liping,YANG Yuhang,et al.Research progress on plastic degradation by worms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2020,26(06):1546-1553.[doi:DOI: 10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.10054]
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利用昆虫取食降解塑料研究进展()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
26卷
期数:
2020年06期
页码:
1546-1553
栏目:
综述
出版日期:
2020-12-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research progress on plastic degradation by worms
作者:
郭鸿钦; 罗丽萍; 杨宇航; 王宇萌; 陆遥力; 赵鑫; 胡筱敏
东北大学资源与土木工程学院环境工程系 沈阳 110819
Author(s):
GUO Hongqin;  LUO Liping;  YANG Yuhang;  WANG Yumeng;  LU Yaoli;  ZHAO Xin? & HU Xiaomin
Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Resource & Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
关键词:
塑料降解; 昆虫取食; 泡沫塑料; 黄粉虫; 大麦虫
Keywords:
plastic degradation;  worm eating;  foam plastics;  Tenebrio molitor;  Zophobas morio
DOI:
DOI: 10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2019.10054
摘要:
废旧塑料因具有较高的化学惰性，不易被自然降解，而形成长期污染，现已成为全球性的环境问题. 塑料垃圾的传统处置方法，如卫生填埋法、焚烧法和化学处理法等，存在侵占土地、产生二次污染和费用高等问题. 近年来，可以取食并降解塑料的昆虫的发现，为塑料垃圾无害化处置和资源化处理提供新的探索方向. 深入分析废弃塑料的污染危害和回收处理现状，详细介绍具有取食降解塑料能力的昆虫类型如黄粉虫、大麦虫、大蜡螟虫等，取食降解的塑料类型包括聚苯乙烯（PS）、聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）等，比较昆虫对各类塑料的降解能力及效率差异、昆虫取食塑料对其生长发育的影响，昆虫肠道功能菌群结构以及被分离的降解塑料功能微生物差异等. 提出未来面临的机遇与挑战，对潜在的突破可能进行展望：（1）可取食降解塑料昆虫的进一步发现与优选；（2）可取食塑料的昆虫的毒理学分析与资源化；（3）降解塑料昆虫和功能菌的降解机制的深入解析；（4）基因工程菌株的构建与合理应用. （图4 表3 参71）
Abstract:
Plastic waste is becoming a global environmental problem. It causes long-term pollution owing to its high chemical inertness and is slow to naturally degrade. The traditional treatment methods for plastic waste, such as landfill, incineration, and chemical treatment, have many shortcomings such as occupying land, secondary pollution, and high cost. In recent years, the discovery of plastic-degrading worms has provided a new direction of exploration for eco-friendly disposal and recycling-based treatment of plastic waste. In the present study, the pollution hazards and recycling status of waste plastics were analyzed. Worms with the ability to consume and degrade plastics, such as Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio, and Galleria mellonella, as well as the types of plastics, including polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP), have been reviewed in detail. The degradation ability and efficiency of worms, the effects of eating plastics on the growth and development of worms, gut microbial diversities, and functional microorganism isolates were compared. Moreover, future opportunities and challenges surrounding plastic waste biodegradation by worms were expected: (1) further discovery and optimization of worms with plastic-degrading ability. (2) toxicological analysis and reutilization of plastic-degrading worms; (3) in-depth analysis of the degradation mechanisms of worms and functional bacteria on plastic degradation; and (4) construction and rational application of genetically engineered strains.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2020-12-25