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[1]周燕平,冯德枫,刘 鑫 包维楷** 包 宇.高山近林线森林皆伐迹地栽植的云杉幼树生长动态[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(06):1023-1030.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.03007]
　ZHOU Yanping,FENG Defeng,et al.Growth process of spruce saplings in cutovers adjacent to the timberline in eastern Tibetan Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2016,22(06):1023-1030.[doi:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.03007]
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高山近林线森林皆伐迹地栽植的云杉幼树生长动态()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
22卷
期数:
2016年06期
页码:
1023-1030
栏目:
“生态系统的格局与恢复”专栏论文
出版日期:
2016-12-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Growth process of spruce saplings in cutovers adjacent to the timberline in eastern Tibetan Plateau
作者:
周燕平1;  2 冯德枫1;  2 刘 鑫1 包维楷** 包 宇3
1中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室，生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室，中国科学院成都生物研究所 成都 610041 2中国科学院大学 北京 100049 3四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州壤塘林业局 壤塘 624300
Author(s):
ZHOU Yanping1;  2;  FENG Defeng1;  2;  LIU Xin1;  BAO Weikai1** & BAO Yu3
Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3Zamtang Forestry Bureau, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, Zamtang 624300, China
关键词:
高海拔采伐迹地; 云杉; 人工造林; 灌丛岛; 生长过程; 幼树树干解析
Keywords:
high-elevation cutover;  Picea asperata Mast.;  artificial restoration;  shrub islands;  growth process;  sapling tree trunk analysis
分类号:
S718.5 : 753
DOI:
10.3724/SP.J.1145.2016.03007
摘要:
选择四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州壤塘林业局二林场3 500-3 700 m皆伐迹地上的云杉未成林造林地，逐一调查前期栽培的26株云杉幼树（年龄≤25年；树高≤4 m）生长状况（高度、生物量及其分配、基部直径、冠幅）及其共存（距离小于1 m）的5个主要灌丛的构型特征参数，评估幼树生长动态及其受灌木荫蔽的影响程度. 结果表明：1）高海拔地区迹地上的云杉幼树生长十分缓慢，15-22年生时平均高仅2.23 m，平均地径仅6.23 cm，其生长过程可划分成3个不同期，即前10年生长缓慢，而后经过一个阶段的波动期，15年左右进入生长加速阶段；2）同一云杉幼树不同区分段组合的11个处理中在树高50 cm以下采用10 cm 区分段而其上采用20或30 cm区分段开展幼树树干解析分析效果最佳，与实际幼树生长过程最接近，可较准确地揭示幼树高生长过程并减少分析工作量；3）高海拔地区云杉幼树生长受灌木的抑制性影响主要发生在栽培5年后，其径向生长受到灌木的抑制大于高生长，早材所受影响也大于晚材；在5类（柳、蔷薇、绣线菊、忍冬、茶藨子）灌丛中，云杉幼树长势在绣线菊灌丛下最好，而在柳灌丛下长势最差. 综合分析表明，灌丛类型差异显著影响了迹地栽培的目的树种幼树后期的生长，因此栽培5-8年进行必要的割灌抚育处理是加速高海拔迹地上云杉幼树生长的重要措施. （图6 表2 参26）
Abstract:
Individual growth process of saplings in high-elevation region is specially unknown, largely due to a lack of reliable stem analysis methodology for saplings. This study tried to find out a reliable and efficient method of sapling trunk analysis, to explore individual growth process of spruce sapling (tree height < 4 m; age < 25 a) cultivated on cutovers near the alpine timberline, and further to assess the effects of thickets on the height and radial area of spruce saplings of earlywood and latewood. We investigated 26 Picea asperata Mast. saplings and five types of thickets (Salix, Rosa, Spiraea, Lonicera, and Ribes) within < 1 m distance around them on coniferous forest cutovers (alt. 3 500-3 700 m) near alpine timberlines in Zamtang County, Sichuan Province. The height, basal diameter, and crown radius of each of saplings and thickets were measured one by one; the biomass of all spruce saplings was measured for needles, branch, stem and roots. Three saplings were used to develop the optimum trunk analysis method for the spruce saplings, with which we investigated the effect of shrub island types on both height and radial growth processes. The investigation showed the spruce saplings between 15 to 22 year-old were in average 2.23 m high and 6.23 cm in basal radius in the high-elevation forest cutovers nearby timberline in Tibetan Plateau, and their growth process could be divided into three stages: slow growth period below 10 years old, fluctuant growth period between 10 and 15 years old, and accelerated growth period over 15 years old. The treatments indicated that the best section length during trunk analysis for P. asperata saplings was the combination of 10 cm section below 50 cm height and 20 or 30 cm section in the rest upper portion. The thicket coexisting with spruce seedlings on the high-elevation cutovers significantly affected sapling growth. Furthermore the radial growth was affected by the nearby shrub islands more than the height growth; and the earlywood growth area was affected by the shrubs more than the latewood. It was also noted that different thickets presented various impacts on annual increments of height and basal radial area for the spruce sapling across the three growth stages, with Spiraea thickets exerting the weakest negative effect and salix thickets presenting strongest negative effects on the spruce saplings with over 10 years-old. This research confirmed that the best section length during trunk analysis for P. asperata saplings were the combination of 10 cm section below 50 cm high and 20 or 30 cm section in the rest upper portion for saplings with very slow growth in high-elevation region. According to our results, cutting thickets coexisting with spruce saplings when they are 8–10 years old (cultivated for five years) is an effective tending measurement for promoting sapling growth on the high-elevation cutovers adjacent to alpine timberline in the Tibetan Plateau.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2016-12-30