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[1]刘春梅,魏文学,盛荣,等.氧化亚氮还原酶基因nosZII及与环境的关系研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(03):651-656.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.08016]
　LIU Chunmei,WEI Wenxue**,et al.Research progress of nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZII) and its relationship with the environment[J].Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology,2018,24(03):651-656.[doi:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.08016]
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氧化亚氮还原酶基因nosZII及与环境的关系研究进展()
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《应用与环境生物学报》[ISSN:1006-687X/CN:51-1482/Q]

卷:
24卷
期数:
2018年03期
页码:
651-656
栏目:
综述
出版日期:
2018-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research progress of nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZII) and its relationship with the environment
作者:
刘春梅; 魏文学; 盛荣; 邢肖毅; 谌星
1中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 长沙 410000 2中国科学院大学 北京 100049
Author(s):
LIU Chunmei1;  2;  WEI Wenxue1**;  SHENG Rong1;  XING Xiaoyi1;  2 & CHEN Xing1;  2
1 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410000, China 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词:
nosZII基因; nosZI基因; N2OR; N2O还原能力; 群落结构
Keywords:
nosZII gene;  nosZI gene;  N2OR;  N2O-reducing ability;  community structure
分类号:
Q753 : Q938.1
DOI:
10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.08016
摘要:
温室效应在全球范围内日趋严重. 其中氧化亚氮（N2O）作为最重要的温室气体之一，增温潜能是二氧化碳（CO2）的298倍，且其浓度仍呈逐年上升趋势. 氧化亚氮还原酶（N2OR）能将N2O还原成氮气（N2），而nosZ基因是编码N2OR的唯一基因. 除了熟知的nosZI基因外，新发现的分支nosZII基因也能编码N2OR. 在国内外研究基础上本文总结nosZII基因的基本概况，分析其与nosZI的主要区别，阐述其相关反应机制，并归纳不同环境因素对nosZII基因表达的影响. 研究表明，nosZII主要存在于ε-变形细菌、拟杆菌、产水菌中，含nosZII的微生物中有部分种群缺乏nirS和nirK基因，且该类微生物在还原N2O功能上具有较大潜能. 影响含nosZII微生物的丰度和种群结构的环境因子较多，主要包括土壤结构、土壤pH值、土壤C/N、温度、湖泊物理梯度等，其中pH值和C/N可能是主要的影响因素. 随着分子生物技术手段的进步，对含nosZII微生物的生态功能的探索已取得了重要进展，但还需进一步深入. 今后还需对含nosZII的微生物群落结构特征、微生物丰度和多样性影响因素以及对具有较强还原N2O能力的含nosZII菌株进行更深入的研究，为降低N2O排放、有效减控温室气体提供理论依据. （图1 表1 参38）
Abstract:
The greenhouse effect has become increasingly serious globally. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is both the major ozone depleting substance and a potent greenhouse gas having a global warming potential 298 times that of CO2, and the N2O concentration is still increasing at an annual rate of about 0.8 × 10-9. Nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR) can reduce N2O to N2, and until recently, the nosZ gene was the only gene known to be able to encode N2OR. Besides the well-known nosZI, a new lineage of the N2O-reductase (nosZ clade II), which is abundant and widespread in soils, has been identified. In this paper, the main characters of nosZII-containing microbial communities and the related working mechanisms are summarized. In addition to the main differences between nosZI and nosZII, the important environmental factors that regulate the composition, abundance, and expression of nosZII-containing communities are also discussed in this paper. Studies have shown that nosZII communities are distributed among a diverse range of bacterial and archaeal phyla, such as Epsilon-proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Aquificae. Interestingly, most of the nosZII microbes lack a nitrite reductase encoding gene (nirS or nirK) and are therefore unable to denitrify, indicating the importance of these communities as N2O sinks. Soil properties such as texture, pH, C/N ratio, temperature, and lake physical gradient could regulate nosZII microbe abundance and diversity, and the pH and C/N ratio may be the most important influencing factors. Studies on the ecological function of nosZII microbes have advanced considerably with the development of molecular biology technology. However, further studies on the community structure of nosZII microbes, the influencing factors of nosZII microbe abundance and diversity, and characteristics of nosZII strains with strong N2O reducing ability are needed. We hope to provide a theoretical basis that can be used to facilitate N2O reduction and relieve the greenhouse gas problem.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2018-06-30